I ask you, how can you know where you are going if you don’t know where you have been?  Do you know who is doing what and what role that is in the organization no matter who sits in the role?  Do you know where your manual processes are and how you might achieve efficiencies with system support?  Do you know what rules are necessary to ensure when you follow the process that you are in compliance?  Are you aware of the boundaries and how the HR process may be impacted by the Recruitment process, or how the supply chain process may be impacted by procurement. 

It is always amazing that there is someone who indicates process is not important, or we don’t need to do that until we get into designing the system and writing the specs.  Process Analysis needs to happen up front to determine where the opportunities are for change, how change will be instantiated and communicated, what training will need to take place, does the system support the process or not?  Are there other systems that are integral to the process?

Here are some questions to ask yourself and ensure you have the answers and your processes analyzed to provide a framework and foundation for everything else in your implementation.  The foundation will be there for testing, training, security, roles, compliance and ultimately change and communication. 

Questions;

What is the purpose of the process, outcome and result?

What are the Roles and how will they change?

What are the steps?

What are the business Objects?

What are the rules?

What is manual and where does the system support the process?

What training and testing will be necessary to ensure the process is working as planned?

What are the boundaries between processes and what is the impact on pre and post process?

How will all the changes be communicated and managed?

So if you think process is not important, look to those implementations where you have been involved and determine points of failure.  And on those that were supported by Business Process or Use Case Analysis how they had an impact on success. 

I remain amazed that there are still consultants and professionals who do not understand the value of understanding and anlyzing process at the beginning of an implementation…not in design, not in construct, not in transition, not in deploy but in the beginning to provide a foundation for all stages, phases and tasks involved in an implementation.

1. How many systems will need to be integrated into the ELM solution?
1. HR
2. CRM
3. Finance
4. Supply Chain
2. How do you envision the “end state”?
3. Competencies, are they all developed, configured?
4. Reports?  What do they currently have?  Additional? 
5. What metrics are of interest to the organization?
6. The challenge is to seamlessly connect skill and competency profiles, learning objectives, performance and succession planning data, employee development plans, training metrics, and financial tracking with the LMS.
7. Is Integration Broker up and running? With PeopleSoft integration technologies, an application is integrated once to the hub. Publish/Subscribe
8. Are you planning to Allow a learning event to be triggered from any management solution such as CRM, HR, or supply chain.
9. Prepackaging integration points to HRMS and FMS. Do you have a list?
10. Policy and Procedures documents?
11. Approval Requirements? Rules?
12. ePerformance?
13. Table Values?
14. Table Loading Sequence

How many people do you know who live through change programs but never change. they are survivors who maintain the status quo with a vigor. These are the people leaders must convince one by one. They are comfortable and do not want to be uncomfortsble. The leaders in the organization must understand that the usual operational models may not work. Change cannot be done piecemeal but must be a highly coordinated project that permeates the entire organiization.

Change that is implemented in pieces is doomed to fail just as systems implemented in pieces often fail due to lack of integration. Change must be managed as dynamic like balancing a mobile. If you move one part of a mobile it impacts everything else and often throws it off balance. Implementations and change are similar, you must always look at the entire picture not your little corner of the world. The “What’s in it for me” message is needed to be answered but only in the context of what’s in it for the organization and the success of the organization that includes me. The change message must be the same throughout the organization and every communication must deliver the same message that relates change to vision.

Messages must b clear, consistent and endlessly repeated and even then the message may not get through to the survivor who manages to get through the changes in the organization without ever changing. Ultimately, that one person can defeat an entire project and have an impact on the organization. They are the one piece in the mobile who remains the same when all others change and the result is an imbalance in the project or the organization.

Process, Process, Process. How many times have you worked with organizations who insisted they wanted to improve their processes? Hours were spent analyzing the “as is” and the “to be”. Requirements were identified, opportunities, and efficiencies evaluated. Improvements were possible in system, process, policy and performance and the road to the future was determined.
And then, it stopped. It was time to address the system and ensure the technology was upgraded but what happened to the opportunities? The opportunities were sacrificed to ease of technological implementation, to the ways we have always done it and to meet the “go live” date identified. Bring it up as “vanilla” as possible and move on. Who would look to the policy decisions that needed to be addressed, how would people be trained to improved performance and when would the “to be” processes be tested and documented? My guess would be never or perhaps the next time someone realizes things are going awry.
Managing your processes constantly is a key factor in navigating the problems that arise in the organization. Managing process helps to manage change. Change is not an option but a daily reality. Whether organizations want to change or not…they will. Organizations must make investments in process and change. What investment has your organization made in process and change? A few weeks of process analysis or an ongoing strategy to evaluate process and change? Only with change will new organizational capability be present in an organization.
Ability to perform and the capacity to scale is a task that needs to be addressed in the process analysis process. How many databases do you have with the same data, but no integrity? How do your processes link your stakeholders to the business? Have you even determined who your stakeholders are internal and external to your organization?

How to you get through the day? What do you do to keep on keeping on? Here are some suggestions:

1. Take advantage of your power hours. Are you an early riser who tackles your morning to-do list with all the gusto of a cat capturing a canary or are you a night person who seems to get more done after 11 p.m.?
Either way, take advantage of your own time cycles and energy to accomplish the optimal productivity.

2. Focus for five minutes. Focus on the tasks at hand. The most difficult thing for a creative, energetic person is to maintain the focus. Try to complete a task rather than context switching from one task to another.

3. Create “to do’s”. Write down the item you need to do and place it somewhere where you can see it – your patio door, refrigerator door, car dashboard, calender, iphone, bathroom mirror, inside your reading glasses. Posting lists and notices for items you wish to accomplish in a highly visible place, helps remind you to get them done.

4. Use your calendar: Do you have a task that has been lingering on your to-do list for days, weeks or even months? Use your calendar, your phone reminder, outlook reminders, google reminders and set a date to complete that task. Break the task down into reasonable amounts to work through to completion.

5. Reward, reward, reward. Give yourself credit as you accomplish even a small part of the task you set out to do. Keep gold stars handy for recognition.

6. What is the hardest thing you have to do? Usually if you complete it at the beginning of the day, you will move through the day more quickly. The more you leave those tasks to low energy times, the less you will accomplish.

7. Make a decision. Putting off a decision on what to do with that piece of paper won’t be any easier tomorrow than it is today. Train yourself to categorize every item that comes across your desk as something to do now, delegate, dump, or defer. Defer does not mean placing it back in the pile and pretending it does not exist. That is the pathway to failure. It means putting it in a dated tickler file, scheduling a time to do it, or moving it to a someday to-do list on your calendar and completing it to avoid the guilt and stress that are inherent in putting things off til tomorrow.

8. Find a team to work with or a mentor to give you encouragement along the way. Celebrate your success.

9. Finally make promises, keep promises, give yourself rewards for accomplishment, enlist the help and encouragement of friends to keep you moving along. Maintain your calendar and check your “To Do’s” each morning and cross some off at the end of each day. Nothing feels better than crossing off or eliminating something from your list.

10. Identify what you need to accomplish, set a timeline for accomplishing that task and maintain documentation to support what you have accomplished.

And how do you keep on keeping on when you are on a team of negative noras who constantly complain? You focus on your own achievements, stay positive in the face of all negativity, and ask for solutions rather than complaints.
Just keep on keeping on in the face of adversity, negativity and complaints and be grateful each morning your feet are above ground!!

It seems Business Process templates are used on every project with varying degrees of success.I have used Rational, Visio, PDF’s, and templates that have been developed to encompass a modified Rational approach.

The current project is reviewing all the delivered processes and using them as a basis for the development of the “to be” processes for the implementation. New projects always result in a search of the “PeopleSoft” now Oracle website to find the delivered processes and each time it is a matter of wading and searching to find them.

Daniel, who is one of our business analysts on the project found this link which has provided an excellent resource for our process development work.

http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E17355_01/hf91bpm0/index.html

Oracle also has a PDF of the 9.1 processes. Let us know where you are in your business process work and how you developed your “to be” processes for your implementation.

The purpose of this document is to provide a foundation for discussion, decisions, and definition of your system This document defines the current Time and Labor business practices of the Client along with ideas for the forthcoming implementation.
Question and Answers
Time Collection Process, Time Period and Time Reporting Code
1. Do you electronically track employee time worked? If so, what technologies are used to enter time?
Internet
Intranet
Electronic Timesheets
Clocking systems (Kronos)
Swipe card (i.e. Employee Badges)
Other (please describe)
2. Do you have employees or groups of employees who record time on paper-based time sheets? If so is there a need to print new timesheets?
3. Is employee time entered centrally or is time entry decentralized?

4. Does the time collection system allow time entry for groups of employees or for one employee at a time?
5. Do you have staff, such as timekeepers, who collect and post time? Please provide details of the process of collecting time and who collects and posts time.
6. Is there a restriction on who can enter hourly employees’ time versus salaried employees’ time?
7. Can employees enter their own time?
8. Can employees inquire and view their entered work hours?
9. Is time approved? If so who approves time? What is the procedure for approving employee time? Can time be approved electronically?
10. How is time capture for both electronic and paper timecards: hours per day or punch time ins and outs or are employees paid a standard schedule and only exceptions are captured or all three depending on the employee?
11. Currently, where is time entered corrected if there is an error? At the data entry level or is it corrected in the payroll process?
12. What is the input of incremental time, such as half days for vacation, etc. currently allowed?
13. If standard hours are used, what are your employees’ standard hours?

14. If time capture differs for different employees, explain the business process on what determines how the employees’ time will be captured.
15. Can retroactive time and labor adjustments be made once a time period has ended? Describe any situations that require you to pay employees hours and/or amounts from the prior period.
16. How are new employees set up for reporting time? Please describe the business process for “enrolling” your new hires in your existing time management system.
17. What are the beginning and end days of the time period? How does this relate to the payroll cycle?
18. What are the beginning and ending times for a 24 hour period?
19. Describe all of the specific time codes that are used in recording time in the current system, including any recorded hours for unpaid time, such as Unpaid Sick, Unpaid Vacation. Does the present system track absences or tardiness?
20. What are the Public Holidays offered to the employees? Are the same Holidays offered to all employees’ or are there different Holiday Schedules for different employees.
21. If more than one Holiday Schedule, what determines which Holidays are offered to an employee?
22. What are the specific business processes that must be adhered to for time reporting, such as Education leave must have at least 1 hour keyed to a maximum of 8 per year?

23. Aside from capturing hours, do you also record data elements such as dollar amounts or units? Such as flat dollar bonus amounts or units like 30 cents per mile.

Cost Allocation, Schedules and Shifts Processes
1. Is your timekeeping system used for allocating costs? Do you define how and/or where an employee time is spent? Are there certain tasks that are grouped together? Please describe how your costs codes are structured and how they are assigned to the time reported by employees.
.
2. Does the organization use Work Orders to capture information about labor costs? How is the information used?
3. Do your employees work shifts? What are they?
4. Is an employee assigned to one shift or are they allowed to work multiple shifts? Can they work multiple shifts in a day and/or in a week?
5. How many shifts make up a workday?
6. Are shift employees paid a differential? How is the differential calculated?
7. Describe your FLSA processing requirements? What days constitute the definition of your workweek? (E.g. Mon – Fri, Sun – Sat). Are FLSA requirements union driven?
8. Do all employees work the same schedule or are they flexible work schedules? Please describe all the different schedules that employees work.

9. Are employees allowed to work several jobs in the same week? In the same day?
10. If an employee is working out of his/her job classification, is their different rate of pay and how does the timekeeper or payroll representative determine the rate of pay?
11. Are employee’s represented by Unions/Bargaining unit(s)? If so, how many Unions/bargaining units?
12. When do these unions bargain? What are the bargaining seasons?

Time Administration Processes
1. What are the time processing rules currently used today? For example: How is Overtime calculated, only hours worked or does the calculation included Vacation, Holiday etc? Is it overtime after 8 hours in a day or after 40 hours in a week? Are these rules the same for all employees or different for each class of employee? If so, please describe each rule being used.
2. Are leave balances maintained at time entry level? If so, list all types of leave that are maintained.
3. If leave balances are maintained at time entry, describe what happens when the employee’s leave requested is greater than the employee’s leave balance or are the employee’s allowed to carry a negative balance?
4. If employees work flexible schedules, are the hours paid for vacation, holiday and sick based on the flex schedules.
5. How is the entered time validated? For example, if total time entered exceeds standard hours, does the current system provide red flags for the approver to review?

6. List any reports that are used to validate this time. Please submit an example.
7. Are control totals used to reconcile employee time entry? Describe the process. Please identify and give an example of any reports used for reconciling.
8. What are the mechanisms for correcting error data? Please describe the business process for correcting data that your time collection system has invalidated.
9. Do you have any audit needs regarding who has changed or approved time?
10. What employee information is available for time entry personnel?

Compensatory Time Management Processes
1. Are Client employees allowed to report Compensatory Time (Comp Time)?
2. How is Comp Time earned? Can the accruals be recorded in the existing time collection or payroll systems?
3. How do employees take their Comp Time?
4. Are Comp Time balances maintained automatically by the existing system?
5. Are Comp Time balances adjusted at the end of the year? How is that adjusting done? Manually? Electronically?

6. Can Comp Time expire? What are the conditions under which Comp Time would be considered to have expired?
7. Can Comp Time be bought, sold or donated? How are these transactions handled?

Time and Labor Integration with Payroll, Human Resources, and Projects
1. Is the timekeeping system electronically integrated with an automated payroll system? Please describe the process of integrating the two systems.
2. Which system calculates the time rules, such as Overtime, shifts and such?
3. How often is time collected and uploaded to payroll? Do the time periods, used for capturing time, follow the payroll period?
4. What is the current deadline that time must be entered and calculated so payroll can be processed in a timely matter
5. If time does not load to payroll, what are the procedures for investigating, rectifying, re-approving and paying for that time?
6. Describe how your Time and Attendance business process integrates with human resources and payroll? Does your existing T&A system interface electronically with your payroll and HR systems?
7. Aside from Payroll, does your current time keeping system interface to any other system (internal or external)? Such as a Project or Funds. Please list those interfaces and describe what they do.

Reporting/Outbound Data
1. Are there reports generated to balance and prove employee time entry?
2. Are time reports generated to be sent back to time originators/collectors?
3. Are time reports generated for managers to approve time?
4. Please list and describe all time reports that are generated from the current system. Please submit an example of all the reports.

Policies and Procedures
Please provide any policies and procedures manuals and desk references currently being used by your department for time management.

Labor and Employee Relations
1. Define the following:
Number of bargaining units.
Number of unions.
Length of contracts and contract end dates
2. Describe how the Client tracks disciplinary offenses in the current HR system.
3. Define any and all disciplinary offenses.
4. Define the steps taken during the disciplinary action process.
5. Define any and all workforce grievances that are part of the current process.
6. Where are employee grievances maintained?
7. Define the standard course of action / steps to follow for each grievance.
Training and Licensing
1. Where are the client’s training courses, programs and licensing currently maintained?
2. Are training classes offered by the Client?
• How many courses are currently being offered?
• Please provide a listing of codes.
3. Are instructors also employees?
4. Is the Client using vendors for training?
5. Please define all the programs currently offered.
6. How is the training program budgeted?
7. How are training costs tracked?
8. How are the training programs offered to employees?
9. Define the criteria needed for an employee to attend training.
Workforce Development
1. Where are employees’ competencies and accomplishments tracked?
2. Define the employee review process.
3. Define the competencies that are currently maintained.
4. Define the accomplishments that are currently maintained.
5. Define the guidelines for evaluating competencies and accomplishments.
6. Does the Client use any type of alpha or numeric codes in ranking an employee’s competency? (If so, please define any and all codes)
Reports/Inquiries
Please define in detail the reports produced for the following:
• HR
• Position Management
• Compensation
• Labor and Employee Relations
• Training and Licensing process
• Workforce Development
• Please define any reports that may be generated that were not addressed above.

Interfaces
Please define the interfaces used for the following:
• HR
• Position Management
• Compensation
• Labor and Employee Relations
• Training and Licensing process
• Workforce Development
• Please define any reports that may be generated that were not addressed above.
Elimination / Changes
1. What would you like to eliminate and/or change within the current HR process?
2. What would you like to eliminate and/or change within the current Position Management process?
3. What would you like to eliminate and/or change within the current Compensation process?
4. What would you like to eliminate and/or change within the current Labor and Employee Relations process?
5. What would you like to eliminate and/or change within the current Recruitment and Applicant Tracking process?
6. What would you like to eliminate and/or change within the current Training and Licensing process?
7. What would you like to eliminate and/or change within the current Workforce Development process?

Policies and Procedures
Please provide any policies and procedure manuals and desk references currently being used by the HR department.

Question and Answers
Workforce Administration
1. Describe the organizational structure for the organization for which you are working. The fundamental organizational structure will help determine the Business Units, SetID’s, Depatments, and other configuration fundamentals.
2. How are departments defined? Are they currently identified in a system with codes? If so, can the client provide a list of codes and descriptions. Is this something that could be configured in a new way to optimize the system foundation?
3. How many Employer Identification Numbers are used throughout the Organization? Are they Automatically generated?
4. Define your current HRMS system (s): How Many? Based on what Operating System? Relational or Legacy?
5. Describe a work location as defined by the organization.
• Provide the number of work locations throughout the organization.
• Provide a list of all the work locations throughout the Organization.
6. Define the following employee types and the number of employees in each type:
• Full-time employees.
• Part-time employees.
• Seasonal employees.
• Temporary employees.
• Non-employees.
• Contractors.
• Define any other employee types that were not previously referenced.
7. Describe the current process used throughout the organization to hire an employee. (Attach any manuals or reference procedures if applicable).
• If this process is administered differently for certain employees; (Please detail the process and the employee group / type as defined in the above question).

8. Describe how employees are identified within your current HR system. (By social security number, assigned employee id).

• If by employee id, is this number system generated?

• Is this standard practice throughout the organization??
9. Describe the current process used throughout the Organization to terminate an employment?
• Is this standard practice throughout the organization?
10. Describe how employee changes are processed; e.g., pay rate changes, promotions, suspensions.

• Is this standard practice throughout the organization?

11. Describe how leaves of absences and returns are processed.
12. Describe in detail how other leaves are processed.
13. List and describe personnel actions available in the current system.
14. Describe the approval process for personnel actions.

Position Control
1. Describe how the organization identifies positions within the current HR system. (Numeric, alpha-numeric). Is the process centralized or decentralized?
2. Define the different statuses for a position. (Frozen, proposed and approved).
3. Are positions numbers re-used when the employee leaves or is a new position re-created?
4. Describe how positions are funded. (Is funding done at the department or position level).
5. Does the organization use commitment accounting?
6. Describe in detail as to how the organization currently organizes jobs?
7. Are Job Codes used throughout the organization?
8. Please attach or provide a list of all the Job Codes currently used.
9. Are all employees assigned a position?
10. Do you have multiple head count in a single job?
11. How does the organization currently use FTE’s?
12. Does the organization have multiple headcount in a given job/position?
13. Is job sharing currently practiced or allowed?
14. Do you have employees with multiple jobs?
15. Does the organization currently allow job sharing?

Compensation
1. Define your current salary plan structure.
2. Define the number of salary plans
3. Describe how salary plans are maintained.
4. Describe the process to create a new salary plan.
5. Define the different Salary Grades and Steps.
6. Describe how employees are moved to the next step within a salary plan.
7. Define the components that make up an employee’s salary.
8. Define the following employee types:
a. Number of hourly employees:
b. Number of salaried employee:
9. Define the percentage for each group.
10. Describe the criteria used for grouping employees.
11. Does the organization have contract pay?
12. Describe how contracts are defined?
13. Describe the varying frequencies and payment terms in detail.
14. Describe the process for any mass salary increase.

What are the questions you might ask when starting a 9.1 implementation for Core HR? Everyone has a questionaire stuffed away somewhere that was used in a former project. Some of us have several. In the next few posts, I will provide some of the initial questions I use when trying to get some high level information from my clients. Please feel free to comment and add your ideas as that is what makes this site valuable. Contributions that are longer than comments may be submitted for consideration. Though these questions are pertinent to a PeopleSoft Implementation, many could be used for other applications as well.

What might be some of the over arching questions that must be asked at the beginning of an implementation and what are some of the things you want your project team thinking about as they start on their adventure into implementation? Certainly a knowledge of the organizational structure is critical to understanding how the system might support the organization. Also, this is a time for looking hard at the organizational structure to envision where changes might make it more effective or integrated.

In terms of process your team members must have the ability to conceptualize and verbalize what they envision as the future state. Who will be doing what in the new process, what are the roles going to look like as the organization moves into the future? Where are the boundaries in the process? Is there a boundary between recruitment and workforce administration? Are they different systems which would require an interface? Where do processes begin and end?
What are the pre and post conditions? For example, after a termination there are actions that must be taken such as Cobra communication. This would be a post condition of the termination process.
Finally what are the business rules that must be followed in the process and are there any government regulations that will impact the way the process is implemented?

Wow, that seems like a lot of information and yet it is only a small part of the information that you must gather during project initiation.

What might be some Points of Discussion that you want your team to consider?
Investigate their pain points in the current process and how they might want to change that going forward? On every project there are pain points in the process such as dual data entry, manual processes, hand delivery rather than electronic. I am sure you can add to this list.
Are there points in the process that could be eliminated? Would automated workflow improve the efficiency of the process? If so, how and where would workflow be critical?

Are there manual processes that you would like to have supported by the system? Again, analyzing the process often uncovers areas that are still being especially where there are hand offs in the process or boundaries to cross.

Finally, what changes are most frightening in the organization? Uncover the areas of fear and trepidation and communicate the value of the new system. Enlist change agents to carry the positive message forward to the entire organization. Where are the pockets of resistance most apparent?

These are just a few of the overarching questions and concerns at the beginning of an implementation. In future blogs, discussion will center on the questions you might use in your initial questionaires.

Please comment and contribute as we all can benefit from the insight of others. Read the rest of this entry »